Detèmine wòl nitrisyon nan aje po
Sep 23, 2022
Tanpri kontakteoscar.xiao@wecistanche.compou plis enfòmasyon
Résumé:Efè a nan rejim alimantè sou aje po te vin tounen yon sijè rechèch enteresan. Etid anvan yo te sitou konsantre sou efè benefik nan peptides kolagen an ki sòti nan òganis maren sou po a aje lè yo administre oralman, pandan y ap efè yo benefisye nan peptides kolagen an ki sòti nan bèt volay sou po aje yo te raman rapòte. Nan etid sa a, yo te prepare peptides kolagen an nan zo poul pa idroliz anzimatik, epi yo te envestige efè ak mekanis aksyon peptides kolagen an oralman sou soulaje aje po pwovoke pa UV konbine avèk D-galaktoz. Rezilta yo te montre ke kolagen an zo poul te gen karakteristik tipik nan kolagen an, ak peptides kolagen zo poul (CPs) yo te sitou ti peptides molekilè ak yon pwa molekilè nan<3000 da.="" in="" vivo="" experiments="" showed="" that="" cps="" had="" a="" significant="" relieving="" effect="" on="" aging="" skin,="" indicated="" by="" the="" changes="" in="" the="" compostion="" and="" structure="" of="" the="" aging="" skin,="" improvement="" of="" skin="" antioxidant="" level,="" and="" inhibition="" of="" inflammation;="" the="" relieving="" effect="" was="" positively="" correlated="" with="" the="" dose="" of="" cps.="" further="" investigation="" showed="" that="" cps="" first="" reduce="" the="" level="" of="" skin="" oxidation,inhibit="" the="" expression="" of="" the="" key="" transcription="" factor="" ap-1(c-jun="" and="" c-fos),="" then="" activate="" the="" tgf-β/smad="" signaling="" pathway="" to="" promote="" collagen="" synthesis,="" inhibit="" the="" expression="" of="" mmp-1/3="" to="" inhibit="" collagen="" degradation,and="" inhibit="" skin="" inflammation="" to="" alleviate="" skin="" aging="" in="" mice.="" moreover,="" the="" skin="" transcriptome="" found="" that="" lysosomes="" activated="" after="" oral="" administration="" of="" cps="" may="" be="" an="" important="" pathway="" for="" cps="" in="" anti-skin="" aging,="" and="" is="" worthy="" of="" further="" research.="" these="" results="" suggested="" that="" cps="" might="" be="" used="" as="" a="" functional="" anti-aging="" nutritional="">3000>

Tanpri klike isit la pou konnen plis
Mo kle:peptides kolagen an; anti-aje; transcriptom po;sentèz kolagen an;lizozòm
1. Entwodiksyon
Epòk Sante, avèk presizyon swiv yon rejim alimantè ki an sante, detèmine wòl nan nitrisyon nan aje po, ak deside ki sa yo manje yo kenbe po jèn ak sante yo se pwoblèm difisil. Po se pi gwo ògàn nan kò a, ki konpoze de epidèm, dèrm, ak kouch lar. Li aji kòm yon baryè pou pwoteje kò a kont faktè ekstèn epi tou li jwe yon wòl nan sante ak bote[1. Po aje se yon pwosesis konplèks, ki se divize an kwonolojik aje ak foto-aje epi ki afekte pa tou de faktè entèn ak ekstèn.cistanche stemKarakteristik prensipal yo enkli akimilasyon nan domaj makromolekilè nan selil la, n bès nan fonksyon selil souch (pwomosyon renouvèlman tisi), ak pèt gradyèl nan entegrite fizik la nan po a [2]. Pwensipal mekanis molekilè ki lakòz po aje sitou gen ladan estrès oksidatif, mantèg telomèr, domaj ADN, mitasyon jenetik, règleman mikwo-RNA, akimilasyon avanse glycation fen-pwodwi, ak enflamasyon-aje 3]. Foto-aje se po epidèm hyperplasie, siye, ak degradasyon matris ekstraselilè pwovoke pa radyasyon iltravyolèt. Kòz prensipal foto-aje se espès oksijèn reyaktif (ROS) ki te pwodwi pa radyasyon iltravyolèt ki medyatè ekspresyon de metaloproteinas matris (MMPs) ak kalite-I pro-kolagen nan chemen siyal tankou mitogen-aktive pwoteyin kinaz (MAPK) siyal. chemen, konsa ki mennen nan degradasyon an nan matris la ekstraselilè (ECM) nan po a ak apoptoz la nan fibroblast [4]. Nan dènye ane yo, kenbe sante po ak reta aje te vin popilè, ak jwenn engredyan natirèl tankou peptides byoaktif ak polifenol ak fonksyon antioksidan ak anti-aje vin tounen yon otspo rechèch [5].

Cistanche ka anti-aje
Sepandan, kolagen an gen yon gwo pwa molekilè epi li difisil yo dwe dirèkteman absòbe ak itilize, tandiske ti peptides kolagen an molekilè apre idroliz kolagen an gen pi fò aktivite byolojik ak yon to absòpsyon segondè [6]. Pandan se tan, aplikasyon an lajè nan kolagen an nan manje, medikaman, jeni tisi, pwodui kosmetik, ak lòt jaden te fè peptides kolagen an ki gen pi ba pwa molekilè, pi wo efikasite absòpsyon, ak pi fò aktivite byolojik yon nouvo pi renmen nan manje fonksyonèl ak rechèch medikal [{{1 }}]. Peptid kolagen yo piti, ki gen 2-20 rezidi asid amine yo jwenn apre idwoliz kolagen an. Yo itilize yo kòm yon sipleman dyetetik pou tretman pou aje po akòz fonksyon potansyèl anti-enflamatwa ak antioksidan yo ak règleman iminitè ak efè antioksidasyon ak pwopagasyon sou fibroblast po [10].
Apre administrasyon oral, peptides kolagen yo absòbe nan fòm ti peptides epi byen vit transpòte nan san an, epi evantyèlman, nan kidnev yo, po, jwenti, ak lòt tisi yo dwe estoke ak itilize. Apre 14 jou, nivo radyoaktivite yo te rete wo nan po sourit yo te gavage ak peptides kolagen C14-ki make.benefis cistanche tubulosa ak efè segondèPeptides kolagen an ka prèske konplètman absòbe ak itilize pa kò a, tandiske absòpsyon ak to itilizasyon kolagen an se sèlman 50-60 pousan [6,11-13]. Nan dènye ane yo, idrolysates kolagen an soti nan po pwason, echèl pwason, zo bèf, po bèf, ak po kochon yo te lajman rapòte yo gen efè benefisye sou soulaje aje po epi yo te resevwa atansyon konsiderab nan men chèchè. Pa egzanp, peptides kolagen ki izole nan po karp an ajan ankouraje sentèz pro-kolagen an epi anpeche ekspresyon AP-1, MMP-1, ak MMP-3 pwoteyin lè yo aktif chemen TGF-/Smad. pou anpeche degradasyon kolagen an ak repare selil po foto ki aje [14]. Administrasyon oral nan peptides kolagen an bèf ka amelyore detann po a, ogmante kontni kolagen an ak aktivite anzim antioksidan, repare fib kolagen an, ak nòmalize rapò kolagen an nan po a nan sourit ki aje [15]. Sepandan, peptides kolagen an ki soti nan diferan sous gen efè diferan. Kantite ak estrikti peptides trè aktif nan san an apre administrasyon oral peptides kolagen an depann de sous kolagen an [10]. Efè pwoteksyon peptide kolagen an ekstrè soti nan po poul kont blesi fibroblast pwovoke UVA te pi wo pase peptide kolagen an ekstrè soti nan po kochon, bèf oswa tilapia, ak efè li te ekivalan a tripeptide ki sòti nan kolagen an (Gly-Pro). -Hyp) [16].

Kwayans relijye ak enkyetid maladi (tankou maladi bèf fache) te mennen moun yo piti piti chanje direksyon devlopman nan kolagen an ak pwodwi li yo soti nan mamifè terrestres nan bèt volay ak òganis maren|17I.Kòm prensipal pa-pwodwi nan pwosesis bèt volay, poul. zo se yon sous pwomèt pwodwi kolagen an. Li pa sèlman diminye gaspiyaj resous ak polisyon nan anviwònman an, men tou li pèmèt itilizasyon efikas nan sous-pwodwi yo. Se poutèt sa, nan etid sa a, nou te itilize peptides kolagen zo poul kòm matyè premyè, ak sourit toutouni trete ak D-galaktoz ak UV pou pwovoke aje po, kòm modèl pou evalye efè administrasyon oral nan peptide kolagen an sou soulaje aje po nan sourit epi detèmine mekanis ki enpòtan an.
2. Materyèl ak Metòd
2.1.Materyèl, pwodui chimik, ak bèt
Fèm poul yo nan Yunnan Agricultural University (Kunming, Lachin) te bay poul yo depanse, ki te separe, seche, ak kraze pou jwenn repa nan zo poul. Su-peroksid dismutase (SOD), katalaz (CAT), ak glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) twous yo te achte nan men Soleibao Biotechnology co, Ltd. (Beijing, Lachin). Hydroxyproline (HYP), interleukin-1 (IL-1x), matris metaloproteinase-1/3 (MMP{-1/3), tip I pro-kolagen, ak asid hyaluronik (HA) anzim ki lye immunoassay (ELISA) twous yo te achte nan Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, Lachin). Sourit ki an sante BALB/C san cheve (18±2g, sis semèn) te achte nan men Nanijing Junke Bioengineering Corporation, Ltd.(Nanjing, Lachin) ak nimewo pèmi: SCXK(SU)2016-0010.ekstrè cistanche tubulosaPepsin ak papain te achte nan men Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co, Ltd (Shanghai, Lachin), ak lòt pwodwi chimik yo te nan klas analyse. Tout sourit yo te okipe swivan Règleman Swen Animal Laboratwa nan pwovens Yunnan epi yo te apwouve pa Komite Swen ak Itilizasyon Animal Inivèsite Agrikòl Yunnan (ID apwobasyon: YAUACUC01).
2.2. Preparasyon Kolgen ak Konpozisyon Asid Amine
Ekstraksyon ak konpozisyon asid amine nan kolagen an zo poul te swiv metòd ki dekri pa Liuet al. [18]ak ti modifikasyon. Poud zo poul la te brase epi tranpe nan 0.05 M NaOH, 10 pousan n-hexane, ak 0.25 M EDTA solisyon (pH7.5). ) nan yon rapò 1/10 (m/o). Nan chak etap, echantiyon an te trete pou 36 èdtan, epi yo te chanje solisyon an tranpe chak 6 èdtan pou anfle poud zo a, retire pwoteyin ki pa kolagen an, grès, ak mineral nan poud zo a. Yo te lave echantiyon an ak dlo pi pou netralite apre chak etap. Yo te trete repa zo poul la pre-trete ak 0.5 M asid acetic glacial ki gen 0.1 pousan (w/v)pepsin nan yon rapò solid-a-likid nan 1:10 (w/v) ak kontinyèlman brase ak ekstrè nan 4 degre pou 48h. Lè sa a, li te filtre, epi yo te filtrate a santrifuje nan 15,000 × g pou 15min at4 degre. Yo te ajiste pH supernatant la a 7.5-7.8 ak solisyon NaOH, epi NaCl te ajoute nan yon konsantrasyon final 1.5 M. Apre yo te fin kenbe melanj lan san deranje pou 12 èdtan nan 4 degre pou sale, kolagen an. presipite te santrifuje nan 15,000×g pou 15 min nan 4 degre, Lè sa a, fonn ak 0.5 M asid acetic, dyalize nan dlo pi, friz-seche, ak pwodwi a fini te kolagen an zo poul.
Konpozisyon asid amine nan kolagen an zo poul te detèmine pa Sykam S433D asid amine otomatik analyser(Munich, Almay). Yo te pran yon sèten kantite echantiyon kolagen an pou teste nan yon tib sele, ajoute ak 10 mL6 M HCl, epi idrolvzed nan 110C pou 24 èdtan. Idwoliz la te konsantre pa mouche nitwojèn ak re-fonn nan 20 mL tanpon asid asid. Apre mikrofiltrasyon ak yon manbràn mikwopore 0.22 um, yo te pran 20 μL idrolysat pou analiz spectre asid amine. Kontni asid amine nan echantiyon an te eksprime nan pousantaj.

2.3. Preparasyon ak Distribisyon Pwa Molekilè Peptid Kolagen (CPs)
Dapre rezilta yo nan pwosesis optimize anvan nou an, CP yo te prepare lè l sèvi avèk papain nan yon rapò anzim-a-substra nan 1: 4 0 (rapò mas). Apre ajiste pH la a 7 ak idroliz anzimatik nan 63 degre pou 5 èdtan, yo te inaktive anzim nan nan yon beny dlo bouyi pou 15 min. Yo te desale anzim idwoliz la ak lyofilize, re-fonn nan 0.1 pousan solisyon asid fòmik, epi santrifuje pou jwenn supernatant la. AQ Exactive HF Orbitrap High-Rezolisyon Mass Spectrometer-QE-HF (Thermo Fisher, Waltham, MA, USA), ekipe ak ionizasyon electrospray (ESI, yo te itilize pou analize idrolysat kolagen an nan mòd nan eskanè konplè nan 350-1800 m). /z, epi rezilta yo te rekipere ak analize lè l sèvi avèk lojisyèl Proteome Discoverer 2.1.
2.4.Tès bèt
Sourit fi BALB/C san cheve (n{{0}}) yo te kenbe nan yon chanm nan kondisyon kontwole tanperati (24±1 degre), imidite (6{{0 ±5 pousan), ak yon 12 h sik lajounen-lannwit pou yon semèn. Yo te ba yo aksè ad libitum pou manje ak dlo. Apre yon semèn nan adaptasyon, sourit yo te owaza divize an senk gwoup sa yo (n=11 pou chak gwoup): (i). Gwoup nòmal (N): UV san ekspoze; administrasyon oral 0.4 mL saline chak jou. (ii). Gwoup modèl (M): UVexposed plis D-galaktoz (0.2 mL); administrasyon oral 0.4 mL saline chak jou.
(mwen). Dòz ki ba kolagen peptides gwoup (LCPs): UV ekspoze plis D-galaktoz (0.2 mL); oral
administrasyon 0.4 mL CPs (dòz: 200mg:kg-1 pwa kò) chak jou.
(iv). Mwayen dòz kolagen peptides gwoup (MCPs): UV ekspoze plis D-galaktoz; oral
administrasyon 0.4 mL CPs (dòz: 500 mg·kg-1 pwa kò) chak jou.
(v). Gwo dòz kolagen peptides gwoup (HCPs): UVexposed plis D-galaktoz; administrasyon oral-
trasyon 0.4 mL CPs (dòz: 1000 mg kg-1 pwa kò) chak jou.
Tretman D-galaktoz te fèt pa piki lar 0.2 mL nan 10 pousan solisyon D-galaktoz nan do kou sourit la (dòz: 1.0g/ kg-1pwa kò) chak jou. UVirradiation te fèt ak yon 40 W UVA-340 LAMIP (O-panel, Cleveland, USA, pik longèdonn: 340 nm), distans ki genyen ant lanp lan ak do sourit yo te 30 cm (230 m J/cm). -), ak iradyasyon an te dire pou 30 minit chak jou pandan sèt semèn (49 jou). Entansite radyasyon an te mezire pa yon UVA365-radyomèt (Xinbao Keyi Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an, Lachin). Yon èdtan apre tretman D-galaktoz ak UV, sourit yo te administre 0.4 mL CPs oral chak jou. Apre dènye iradyasyon an, yo te anestezi sourit yo, yo te peze yo epi yo te pran echantiyon tisi yo pou analiz ki vin apre yo.
2.5. Imidite po, endèks vèrkal, ak pran pwa kò
Imidite po a te detèmine pa ISO 1442, epi yo te kalkile endèks la visceral ak ekwasyon sa a: endèks visceral (g/kg)=pwa visceral / pwa kò.
2.6. Estrès oksidasyon, HA, ak kontni HYP nan po a
Echantiyon po yo te homogenized ak nèf fwa kantite saline nòmal (w/w) nan yon beny glas ak yon homogenizer tisi (TGrinder OSE-Y30, Tiangen Biochemical Technology Co, Ltd., Beijing, Lachin), ak Lè sa a, santrifuje nan 2000. ×g ak 4 degre pou 10 min. Aktivite superoksid dismutase (SOD), katalaz (CAT), ak glutatyon peroksidaz (GSH-PX), ak sa ki nan asid hyaluronik (HA) ak idroksiprolin (HYP) nan surnatant kolekte yo te detèmine dapre metòd ki dekri nan la. enstriksyon ki koresponn ak twous respektif yo.
2.7.Po Istolojik
Echantiyon po sourit yo te fikse nan 4 pousan solisyon paraformaldehyde pou 24 èdtan, dezidrate, entegre nan parafin, ak tranche. Seksyon po yo te tache ak ematoksilin ak eozin (HE) epi yo te obsève ak yon mikwoskòp fluoresans ECLIPSE CI-E (Nikon, Japon). Epesè epidèm po ak dèrm yo te evalye lè l sèvi avèk lojisyèl Halcon 13.0.1.1 (MVTec, Minik, Almay).
2.8. Sekans transcriptom po
2.8.1. Ekstraksyon RNA, Konstriksyon Bibliyotèk, ak Sekans Transcriptome
Total RNA te extrait nan po sourit yo itilize RNeasy Mini Kit (Tiangen Bio-chemical Technology Co, Ltd., Beijing, Lachin) selon enstriksyon manifakti a. Pite ak konsantrasyon RNA a te tcheke lè l sèvi avèk kaiaoK5500Spectrophoto-meter (Kaiao, Beijing, Lachin); Yo te evalye entegrite RNA lè l sèvi avèk RNA Nano 6000 Assay Twous ak sistèm Bioanalyzer 2100 la (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA).Se Biolinker Technology Company Limited (Kunming, Lachin) ki te fè analiz sekans transkripsyon chak echantiyon. Yon ti tan, yo te fè gwoupman echantiyon ki kode endèks yo sou yon sistèm jenerasyon gwoup cBot lè l sèvi avèk HiSeq PE Cluster Kit v4-cBot-HS(llu-mina)dapre enstriksyon manifakti a. Apre jenerasyon gwoup, yo te sekans bibliyotèk yo sou yon platfòm Ilumina, epi yo te pwodwi lekti 150 bp.
2.8.2. Bioinformatics analiz de done RNA-sekans
Gene Ontology(GO) ak Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analiz enrichment nan diferan eksprime jèn (DEGs) te fèt lè l sèvi avèk pakè analizeur gwoup lang R. Lè p-valè a te mwens pase 0.05, atik yo ak chemen anrichi pa GO ak KEGG yo te konsidere kòm enpòtan.
2.8.3. Ranvèse transkriptaz-polymerase chèn reyaksyon (qRT-PCR)
QRT-PCR te fèt jan sa te dekri anvan [19].
2.9. Wester Blot
Dapre metòd ki dekri pa Park et al. [20], yo te fè analiz Western blot (WB) pou quantifier ekspresyon pwoteyin ki gen rapò ak aje po nan sourit yo. Konsantrasyon pwoteyin nan lysate po a nan chak gwoup tretman te quantifye lè l sèvi avèk twous BCA a, separe pa SDS-PAGE (10 pousan jèl akrilamid), transfere nan yon manbràn PVDF, bloke ak 5 pousan lèt ekreme, ak enkubasyon ak yon kantite apwopriye nan primè. antikò (TGF-b1, c-Fos, c-Jun, Samd2/3, ak -aktin) nan 4 degre lannwit lan. Apre lave ak TBST, echantiyon yo te melanje ak antikò segondè epi yo te enkube nan tanperati chanm pou 1 èdtan.revizyon cistanche tubulosaChemiDoc XRS plis chemiluminescence jèl imager (BioRAD, Hercules, CA, USA) te itilize pou detekte pwoteyin espesifik. Lojisyèl Imaj] te itilize pou quantifier ekspresyon pwoteyin sib la nan chak gwoup tretman, ak rezilta yo te reprezante pa valè dansite nòmalize nan -aktin pwoteyin.
2.10.ELISA
Nivo ekspresyon MMP-1, MMP-3, Kalite I pro-kolagen, ak IL-1 & nan likid lysis po yo te detèmine pa anzim ki lye ak imunoessai. Yo te fè tès la dapre enstriksyon yo te bay ak twous la.
2.11.Analiz estatistik
Tout rezilta yo te analize lè l sèvi avèk lojisyèl SPSS 21 (IBM Inc., Armonk, NY, USA) atravè analiz yon sèl-fason nan divèjans (ANOVA) ak tès miltip ranje Duncan a, ak nivo siyifikasyon an mete sou p.<0.05. originpro="" 2017(originlab,="" northampton,="" ma,="" usa)was="" used="" to="" plot="" the="" data.="" all="" data="" were="" expressed="" as="" the="" mean="" ±="" standard="" deviation="">0.05.>
3. Rezilta ak Diskisyon
3.1.Konpozisyon asid amine nan kolagen an
Konpozisyon asid amine nan kolagen an zo poul yo montre nan tablo 1.Gly te prensipal asid amine nan echantiyon yo, kontablite pou prèske yon tyè (27.86 pousan) nan total asid amine yo, ak Hyp te la. espesyal asid amine nan kolagen an, kontablite pou 9.83 pousan. Karakteristik prensipal yo nan molekil kolagen an yo te repete Gly-XY sekans ak estrikti inik trip-helikal ki konpoze de twa chenn. Gly te konte pou apeprè yon tyè nan total asid amine yo, X ak Y yo te souvan prolin ak idroksiprolin, oswa ta ka nenpòt rezidi [21]. Konpozisyon asid amine echantiyon an te sanble ak kolagen an zo poul te rapòte nan etid anvan yo e li te gen karakteristik tipik kolagen an [22].

3.2. Distribisyon pwa molekilè nan CPs
Molecular weight distribution reflects the degree of collagen hydrolysis. The molecular weight of the CPs was mainly below 3000 Da (Figure 1), accounting for about 87.61%of all collagen hydrolysates, indicating that almost all of the CPs were small peptides. Many studies claim that collagen peptides with a lower molecular weight have better biological activity [23]. For example, Song et al. [24]. reported that lower molecular weight (200-1000 Da, 65%)silver carp skin collagen peptides repaired UV-induced aging skin in mice more effectively than similar peptides with a higher molecular weight(>1000 Da, 72 pousan). Sepandan, konpayi Gelita Alman an te montre atravè plizyè etid klinik ke efè kolagen an peptides sitou detèmine pa degre matche li yo ak pwopriyete yo nan peptides kolagen an apre degradasyon nan kolagen an imen, olye ke pwa molekilè nan peptides kolagen an. Yo te jwenn ke pwodwi a VERISOL③ ak yon pwa molekilè mwayèn nan 2000 Da gen efè ki pi enteresan sou fibroblasts po, pandan y ap pwodwi a Fortigel TM ak yon pwa molekilè mwayèn nan 3000 Da gen yon efè espesyal sou reparasyon Cartilage [25-27].

3.3. Efè CP oral yo soulaje aje po
3.3.1.Pwa kò ak Endèks ògàn
Endèks pwa kò a ak endèks ògàn yo enpòtan epi yo reflete estati sante sourit yo.Pwa sourit yo nan chak gwoup ogmante nòmalman pandan peryòd tès la (Tablo 2). Pran pwa mwayèn nan gwoup M a te pi ba pase sa yo ki nan gwoup N a, ak sa yo ki nan gwoup tretman CP yo te pi wo pase sa yo ki nan gwoup M a, sijere ke CPs pa te gen okenn efè segondè sou sourit. Nan rapò anvan yo, dòz la nan sourit kolagen an peptide-trete te sitou ant 100-1000 mg/kg.bw·d, ak dòz la san danje nan tilapia peptides kolagen an te rive nan 4.07 g/kg.bw·d [{{6} }]. Menm jan an tou, kwasans lan nan sourit ki gen laj po apre gavage ak tilapia echèl kolagen peptides (dòz: 500 ak 1000 mg / kg · bw · d) te tou menm jan ak rezilta nou yo [29]. Larat la jwe yon wòl enpòtan nan iminite umoral ak selilè, kidonk, endèks larat la souvan itilize pou evalye fonksyon sistèm iminitè a.cistanche UKThe liver index was used to evaluate the toxicity of the tested sample. In these tests, the liver and spleen indices in the M group were lower than those in the N group, and both recovered after treatment with CPs, but there was no significant difference across the treatment groups (p >0.05). Rezilta yo te sanble ak sa yo nan etid anvan yo [30], ki endike ke CP yo an sekirite epi yo ta ka yon ti kras amelyore iminite a nan sourit.
3.3.2.Konpozisyon po
Tretman UV ak D-galaktoz (gwoup M) redwi siyifikativman imidite, HA, ak kontni Hyp nan po a, konpare ak sa yo ki nan gwoup N a, pa 13.36 pousan, 24.08 pousan, ak 15.83 pousan, respektivman (p).<0.05)(table 2).="" the="" contents="" of="" moisture,="" ha,="" and="" hyp="" in="" the="" skin="" were="" significantly="" higher="" in="" mice="" after="" the="" oral="" administration="" of="" cps="" compared="" to="" the="" contents="" of="" those="" in="" the="" mice="" of="" the="" m="" group="">0.05)(table><0.05). among="" the="" dose="" groups,="" the="" contents="" of="" the="" three="" skin="" components="" were="" significantly="" different="" between="" the="" lcp="" and="" hcp="" groups="" and="" were="" dependent="" on="" the="" dose="" of="" intake="" of="" cps.="" the="" hcp="" group="" had="" even="" higher="" contents="" than="" the="" n="" group,="" and="" ha="" and="" hyp="" were="" significantly="" different="" between="" the="" two="" groups="" (p="">0.05).><>

Chanjman nan kontni imidite po lakòz ondilasyon ak afesman po epi yo afekte pa eleman matris tankou kolagen an po ak HA [31]. Hydroxyproline se yon asid amine ki estab, ki rich ak espesyal nan kolagen an, ak kontni li yo ka endirèkteman reflete kontni an nan kolagen an nan po a, osi byen ke aje po a. Anplis de sa, HA, ki trè eksprime nan ECM po a, jwe yon wòl enpòtan. nan kontwole balans dlo po, presyon osmotik, retansyon imidite, ak elastisite kòm yon sistèm depo dlo ak eleman estriktirèl nan po [32]. Nan etid sa a, kontni an nan imidite, HYP ak HA nan po a ogmante anpil apre konsomasyon CP, ki ta ka gen rapò ak pwomosyon nan kolagen an ak sentèz HA pa CPs. Anplis, ogmantasyon nan HYP ak HA ogmante kontni imidite a.
3.3.3. Chanjman Istolojik Po
Chanjman istolojik po sourit yo apre sèt semèn tretman kontinyèl yo montre nan Figi 2. Po aje nan gwoup M a te montre karakteristik sifas ki graj, epidèm epè, dèrm eklèsi, ak selil ra, konpare ak po a nan. gwoup N la. Sepandan, kondisyon an nan po aje nan sourit amelyore apre administrasyon oral nan CPs, kenbe yon estrikti lis, lòd, ak konplè ki sanble ak sa ki nan sourit yo nan gwoup N la. Kidonk, dèrm po a te siyifikativman pi mens, epi epidèm la te siyifikativman pi epè nan gwoup M pase nan gwoup N (p).<0.05). the="" change="" in="" skin="" dermis="" and="" epidermal="" thickness="" was="" significantly="" better="" after="" treatment="" with="">0.05).><0.05), and="" the="" effect="" was="" more="" obvious="" with="" the="" increase="" in="" the="" dose="" of="" cps="" (figure="" 2).the="" effect="" of="" oral="" cps="" on="" the="" histological="" structure="" of="" aging="" skin="" was="" similar="" to="" that="" reported="" previously="" [4,28,31].="" the="" increase="" in="" the="" thickness="" of="" the="" epidermis="" might="" be="" an="" adaptive="" change="" to="" protect="" the="" skin="" from="" external="" stimuli,loss="" of="" skin="" moisture,="" and="" uv="" damage,="" possibly="" due="" to="" the="" increase="" in="" uv-activated="" epidermal="" growth="" factor="" receptor="" (egfr)="" that="" induces="" keratinocyte="" proliferation="" and="" epidermal="" hyperplasia[4].="" however,="" the="" mechanism="" by="" which="" oral="" cps="" alleviate="" the="" increase="" in="" epidermal="" thickness="" remains="" unclear.="" the="" dermis="" imparts="" elasticity="" and="" strength="" to="" the="" skin,="" and="" the="" degradation="" of="" ecm="" and="" the="" reduction="" in="" the="" ability="" to="" repair="" fibroblasts="" are="" the="" main="" causes="" of="" dermal="" thinning="" in="" aging="" skin.="" dermal="" thickness="" increased="" after="" the="" treatment="" with="" cps,="" which="" might="" be="" due="" to="" the="" removal="" of="" ros="" from="" the="" skin="" and="" inhibition="" of="" the="" increase="" of="" mmps="" by="" cps.="" this,="" in="" turn,="" inhibited="" the="" degradation="" of="" skin="" collagen="" and="" elastin="" (figure="" 3),="" the="" entry="" of="" cps="" in="" the="" skin,="" and="" their="" participation="" in="" the="" synthesis="" of="" collagen="" and="" ha="" [6],="" which="" was="" confirmed="" by="" the="" increase="" in="" the="" content="" of="" hyp="" and="" ha="" in="" the="" skin="" (table="">0.05),>


3.3.4. Po antioksidan ak nivo enflamatwa
Detèmine aktivite anzim antioksidan se metòd ki pi souvan itilize pou evalye nivo antioksidan nan kò a [28]. Jan yo montre nan Figi 3, aktivite CAT, SOD, GSH-Px, ak kontni MDA nan gwoup M yo te siyifikativman pi ba pase sa yo nan gwoup N (p).<0.05). administering="" cps="" effectively="" inhibited="" the="" decrease="" of="" cat,="" sod,="" gsh-pxactivities,and="" the="" mda="" content="" in="" the="" skin="" of="" mice,="" compared="" to="" those="" in="" the="" mice="" skin="" of="" the="" m="" group,="" and="" was="" positively="" correlated="" with="" the="" dose="" of="" cps;="" there="" were="" significant="" differences="" among="" the="" different="" dose="" groups="">0.05).><0.05). when="" ros,="" accumulated="" by="" skin="" oxidative="" stress,="" exceed="" the="" antioxidant="" defense="" ability="" of="" the="" body,="" they="" destroy="" the="" ecm,="" which="" is="" the="" key="" cause="" of="" skin="" aging.="" ros="" can="" cause="" the="" oxidation="" of="" lipids="" and="" proteins="" in="" the="" skin,="" resulting="" in="" fibroblast="" degeneration="" and="" changes="" in="" the="" skin.="" ros="" activate="" the="" mapk="" signaling="" pathway="" and="" the="" ap-1="" protein="" to="" upregulate="" the="" expression="" of="" mmps="" and="" promote="" the="" degradation="" of="" matrixcollagen="" [21].="" although="" the="" antioxidant="" enzymes="" and="" antioxidants="" in="" the="" body="" can="" remove="" ros="" to="" protect="" the="" skin="" from="" damage,="" when="" the="" content="" of="" rosexceeds="" the="" defense="" (antioxidant)="" ability="" of="" the="" body="" or="" the="" body's="" defense="" ability="" declines,="" it="" causes="" oxidative="" stress="" and="" skin="">0.05).>
Anplis de sa, repons lan enflamatwa selilè ki te koze pa ROS tou kontribye nan aje po a.Apre UV ak D-galaktoz tretman (Mgroup), kontni an nan IL-lo nan po a nan sourit yo siyifikativman ogmante konpare ak sa ki nan gwoup N a (Figi 3D). ), ki endike ke po a te montre yon repons enflamatwa enpòtan (p<0.05). the="" cps="" significantly="" reduced="" the="" content="" of="" il-1α="" in="" the="" skin="" in="" a="" dose-dependent="" manner,="" compared="" to="" that="" in="" the="" skin="" of="" mice="" in="" the="" m="" group.="" there="" was="" a="" significant="" difference="" between="" hcps="" and="" lcps="">0.05).><0.05),indicating that="" cps="" alleviated="" skin="" inflammation.="" the'o,="" produced="" by="" ultraviolet="" irradiation="" stimulated="" the="" expression="" of="" mmp-1="" in="" dermal="" fibroblasts="" through="" the="" secretion="" of="" il-1α="" and="" il-6,="" thereby="" disrupting="" the="" ecm="" [33].="" therefore,="" this="" study="" suggested="" that="" cps="" significantly="" increased="" the="" activity="" of="" skin="" antioxidant="" enzymes="" and="" inhibited="" inflammatory="" responses,="" which="" might="" be="" important="" in="" delaying="" skin="" aging="" in="">0.05),indicating>
3.4. Mekanis aksyon nan CP dyetetik nan soulaje aje po
3.4.1.Analiz ak Validasyon Done RNA-Seq
Analysis techniques, such as PCA, HCA, gene GOenrichment, and KEGG pathway enrichment were used to analyze the transcriptome data. Based on the PCA analysis (Figure 4A) and hierarchical clustering analysis (heat map)of 4303 differential genes with average channel strength greater than 100, the relative expression levels of total DEGs between the two treatment groups are shown to provide an overview of the changes in gene expression(Figure 4B). The M group and the HCP group were significantly separated, and the expression patterns of most DEGs in the M and HCP groups were opposite, indicating that there were significant differences between the mouse skin after HCP treatment and the M group (Figure 4A,B). Pairwise comparisons showed that after feeding HCPs,4303 genes were significantly expressed in the mice skin, including 1790 upregulated genes and 2513 downregulated genes(Foldchange>2,p<0.05)(figure 4c).among="" the="" sixgenes="" associated="" with="" skin="" aging="" quantified="" by="" qrt-pcr,="" five="" genes="" (including="" fos,="" jun,="" cxcll,and="" egr1)were="" downregulated,="" and="" one="" gene="" was="" upregulated="" (figure="" 4d),="" which="" was="" consistent="" with="" the="" overall="" trend="" of="" transcriptomic="" data.="" the="" rna="" expression="" levels="" of="" fos,="" jun,="" and="" cxcll="" were="" significantly="" upregulated="" in="" damaged="" skin="" compared="" to="" that="" in="" intact="" skin="" [34],="" and="" inhibition="" of="" egr1="" expression="" alleviated="" skin="" inflammation="" [35].="" these="" results="" reflected="" the="" reliability="" of="" transcriptome="" sequencing="" data,="" and="" oral="" cps="" effectively="" alleviated="" skin="">0.05)(figure>
Analiz GOenrichment ak analiz anrichisman baz done KEGG te bay sipò pou plis envestige fonksyon byolojik DEG yo. Analiz GO te montre ke DEG yo te siyifikativman rich nan pwosesis byolojik tankou replikasyon ADN, règleman emopoyez, règleman aktivite idrolaz, ak pwodiksyon sitokin; nan eleman selil yo, ki gen ladan vakuol litik ak lizozom, ki gen kolagen an ak lòt jèn ki gen rapò yo te siyifikativman rich; an tèm de fonksyon molekilè, aktivite reseptè-ligand, aktivite cytokine, ak lòt jèn ki gen rapò yo te siyifikativman anrichi (Figi 5). Analiz anrichisman KEGG nan 20 premye chemen siyal yo siyifikativman chanje pa DEG yo montre nan Figi 5. Entèraksyon cytokine-reseptè, lizozom, entèraksyon neuroaktif ligand-reseptè, sik selilè, lupus sistemik eritematos, ak chemen TGF (p.<05) were="" closely="" related="" to="" aging,="" especially="" cytokine-receptor="" interactions,="" lysosomes,="" and="" tgf-βsignaling.="" an="" important="" feature="" of="" cellular="" senescence="" is="" the="" accumulation="" of="" damaged="" or-ganelles="" and="" protein="" aggregates.="" lysosomes="" play="" an="" important="" role="" in="" degrading="" damaged="" organelles="" and="" protein="" aggregates="" in="" senescent="" cells="" [36].="" cytokine-receptor="" interaction="" is="" the="" main="" pathway="" of="" enrichment="" in="" the="" skin="" after="" being="" affected="" by="" various="" factors="" such="" as="" inflammation="" [37],="" sulfur="" mustard="" exposure="" [38],="" and="" terahertz="" pulse="" [39].="" cytokines,="" as="" small="" molecular="" proteins="" synthesized="" and="" secreted="" by="" various="" tissue="" cells,="" maintain="" skin="" homeostasis="" by="" controlling="" the="" balance="" between="" keratinocyte="" proliferation,="" diferentiation,="" and="" apoptosis="" through="" complex="" interactions="" with="" growth="" factors[40].="" the="" tgf-β="" signaling="" pathway="" is="" also="" important="" for="" regulating="" skin="" aging[14].="" gene="" functional="" enrichment="" anal-ysis="" showed="" that="" tgf-β="" was="" highly="" expressed="" during="" cytokine-receptor="" interaction="" and="" in="" the="" tgf-β="" signaling="" pathway.="" tgf-β="" is="" a="" major="" pro-fibrotic="" cytokine="" that="" regulates="" cell="" differentiation="" and="" proliferation="" while="" inducing="" extracellular="" matrix="" protein="" synthesis="" [41].="" therefore,="" we="" verified="" the="" tgf-β="" signaling="" pathway="" and="" some="">05)>

3.4.2. Verifikasyon Mekanis Aksyon nan CPs nan soulaje aje po
Pou verifye wòl chemen siyal TGF a ak entèraksyon cytokine-reseptè a nan soulaje aje po pa CP oral yo, yo te fè analiz WB pou verifye TGF- ak faktè transkripsyon Smad2/3 nan chemen siyal TGF-, ansanm ak kle a. faktè transkripsyon AP-1 (c-Fos ak c-Jun) ki kontwole cytokines. ELISA te detèmine kontni MMP-1, MMP-3, Kalite I pro-kolagen, ak IL-1. Rezilta analiz WB la te montre ekspresyon TGF-, Smad2, ak Smad3 nan gwoup M te siyifikativman pi ba pase sa nan gwoup N(p).<0.05). the="" expression="" levels="" of="" tgf-β="" and="" smad3="" were="" significantly="" higher="" in="" mice="" after="" the="" oral="" administration="" of="" cps="" compared="" to="" their="" levels="" in="" group="" m="" mice;="" additionally,="" smad2="" also="" increased="">0.05).><0.05), except="" for="" in="" the="" lcps="" in="" a="" dose-dependent="" manner(figure="" 6).="" on="" the="" contrary,="" the="" expression="" of="" c-fos="" and="" c-jun="" in="" the="" mgroup="" was="" significantly="" higher="" than="" that="" in="" the="" n="" group.="" the="" expression="" of="" c-fos="" and="" c-jun="" in="" the="" cp="" group="" was="" significantly="" lower="" than="" that="" in="" the="" m="" group,="" except="" for="" the="" expression="" of="" c-jun="" in="" the="" lcp="" group="">0.05),><0.05), and="" the="" change="" was="" dose-dependent.="" these="" results="" indicated="" that="" the="" tgf-β="" signaling="" pathway="" was="" activated="" and="" ap-1="" was="" inhibited="" after="" feeding="">0.05),>
Pwoteyin AP-1 se yon konplèks dimerik nan pwoteyin fanmi Jun ak Fos epi li se yon regilatè enpòtan nan enflamasyon po ak ekspresyon sitokin. Anjeneral, konplèks la ki konpoze de c-Jun ak c-Fos montre aktivite transcription ki pi wo nan po a [41,A42]. ROS ki pwodui nan selil po ki aje yo premye aktive AP-1 pwoteyin epi answit kontwole sitokin en (tankou IL-1 ), MMPs, ak chemen siyal TGF la atravè transkripsyon ak tradiksyon, konsa fasilite aje po[43. ,44]. Reyaksyon siyal TGF-/Smad la se yon chemen sentèz kolagen an klasik, ak faktè transkripsyon Smad se nan nwayo chemen transdiksyon siyal sa a. TGF- deklanche fosforilasyon an ak aktivasyon nan en Smad2 ak Smad3 pa obligatwa nan reseptè a, kidonk ogmante sentèz la nan COLI [14].
Anplis de sa, rezilta ELISA yo te montre kontni MP-1,MMP{-3, ak IL-1a nan po gwoup M a te siyifikativman pi wo pase sa nan gwoup N, epi kontni Typel pro-kolagen an te siyifikativman pi ba (p<0.05). however,="" the="" contents="" of="" mmp-1,mmp-3,and="" il-1α(figure="" 3d)in="" the="" skin="" after="" oral="" administration="" of="" cps="" were="" significantly="" lower="" than="" those="" in="" the="" m="" group="">0.05).><0.05); type="" i="" pro-collagen="" increased="" significantly,="" and="" all="" the="" changes="" were="" dose-dependent="" with="" cps="" (figure="" 7).="" mps="" are="" involved="" in="" the="" decomposition="" of="" skin="" collagen,="" il-1o="" shows="" the="" level="" of="" inflammation="" of="" the="" skin,="" and="" type="" i="" pro-collagen="" reflects="" the="" synthesis="" of="" skin="" collagen.="" accumulating="" evidence="" suggests="" that="" the="" role="" of="" the="" jun/ap-1="" protein="" pathway="" has="" also="" been="" proposed="" to="" regulate="" skin="" inflammation="" [40].="" the="" elisa="" results="" showed="" that="" the="" combined="" treatment="" of="" uv="" and="" d-galactose="" caused="" skin="" collagen="" degradation,="" decreased="" collagen="" synthesis,="" and="" caused="" skin="" inflammation,="" leading="" to="" skin="" aging.="" however,="" these="" changes="" were="" reversed="" after="" the="" oral="" administration="" of="">0.05);>
Anplis de chemen ki anwo yo, nan etid sa a, jèn yo kontwole apre tretman CP yo te siyifikativman rich nan chemen lizozom yo, ki endike ke tretman CP aktive lizozom nan po (Figi 5). Etid anvan yo endike ke lizozom aktive klè totalman ak elve deklanchman selil souch neral yo pandan aje [45]. Anplis de sa, fonksyon ogmante nan lizozom ka diminye konsantrasyon nan ROS entraselilè pou anpeche andòmi selilè. Menm jan an tou, nenpòt diminisyon nan fonksyon lizozom nan ka amelyore konsantrasyon ROS entraselilè ki finalman ankouraje andòmi selilè [46] Byenke nou pa te verifye li sistematikman nan papye sa a, rezilta sa yo ak rapò anvan yo vle di ke deklanchman fonksyon lizozomal yo ka fason prensipal la pou CP pou soulaje aje po, epi nou pral kontinye vize verifye li.
Se poutèt sa, etid sa a te montre ke CP dyetetik ka soulaje aje po pwovoke pa UV ak D-galaktoz nan yon fason ki depann de dòz. CPs soulaje aje po a lè yo bese nivo oksidasyon po a, anpeche ekspresyon kle faktè transkripsyon AP-1(c-Jun ak c-Fos), aktive chemen siyal TGF-/Smad pou ankouraje sentèz kolagen an, anpeche ekspresyon de. MMP-1 ak MMP{-3 (ki anpeche degradasyon kolagen an), ak anpeche enflamasyon po pou soulaje aje po a (Figi 8). chemen enpòtan pou CP yo kontwole aje po, ki merite atansyon espesyal.

4. Konklizyon
An rezime, etid sa a konfime ke sipleman dyetetik nan peptides kolagen zo poul ka siyifikativman soulaje aje po pwovoke pa radyasyon iltravyolèt ak D-galaktoz atravè plizyè chemen, ki gen ladan pwomosyon sentèz pro-kolagen an, anpeche degradasyon kolagen an, amelyore nivo antioksidan po, ak anpeche enflamasyon; soulajman an te depann de dòz ak CPs. Yon ankèt detaye te montre ke CP yo premye redwi nivo oksidasyon po a, anpeche ekspresyon kle faktè transcription AP -1(c-Jun ak c-Fos), epi aktive chemen siyal TGF-/Smad pou ankouraje. sentèz kolagen an, anpeche ekspresyon MMP-1 ak MMP-3 pou anpeche degradasyon kolagen an, ak anpeche enflamasyon po pou soulaje aje po nan sourit. Anplis de sa, aktivasyon an nan lizozom ka tou chemen prensipal la pou CP yo soulaje aje po, ki merite pou yo swiv rechèch ak verifikasyon. Rezilta sa yo bay yon baz teyorik pou aplike peptides kolagen an soulaje aje po ak elaji sijè ki abòde lan pou itilizasyon konplè sou pwodwi bèt nan manje fonksyonèl.
Atik sa a soti nan Nutrients 2022, 14, 1622. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14081622 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients






