Network Pharmacology Analysis Of Cistanche Deserticola And Morinda Officinalis in The Treatment Of Novel Coronavirus Infection Of Lung Kidney Deficiency Type

[Abstract] Objective To explore the potential mechanism of Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis in the treatment of novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19 infection) of lung kidney deficiency type by network pharmacology. Methods The compounds contained in Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis were searched through the Chinese Medicine Systems pharmacology database and analysis platform, and their active components and targets were screened; Standardize using the Uniprot database to query the genes corresponding to the target; Obtain the relevant targets of the deficiency of both lung and kidney type of COVID-19 infection through GeneCards database; Construct a drug compound target network using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software, and construct and analyze a protein interaction (PPI) network using the STRING database; Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were carried out through Funrich 3.1.3 software. Results in A total of 41 effective targets were obtained from Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis for the treatment of COVID-19 infection. 2831 targets were related to COVID-19 infection of lung kidney deficiency type. The key targets were interleukin-6 (IL-6), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), cystatin 3 (CASP3), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1 ), Cyclin D1 (CCND1), human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), etc; 802 GO enrichment entries and 125 KEGG pathways were obtained, mainly involving phosphoinositide-3 kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway, lipid nuclear atherosclerosis, Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus infection, tumor-related mRNA, human cytomegalovirus infection, Epstein Barr virus infection, etc. Conclusion Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis officinalis in the treatment of COVID-19 infection with lung and kidney deficiency syndrome is the result of multi-target and multi-channel interaction, which can be used as an auxiliary treatment method for COVID-19 infection with lung and kidney deficiency syndrome, and provide a theoretical basis for expanding the clinical application of Chuankezhi injection.

[Key mo] roman coronavirus enfeksyon; Lung ak renney deficiency kalite 3b Cistanche deserticola; Morinda officinalis; Network pharmacology; Chuankezhi Injection

Novel coronavirus (COVID-19 infection) yon egi respiratory infectious maladi a roman coronavirus (SARS CoV{-2). SARS-CoV{3}}} prone mutations pandan transmisyonssion, Delta ak Omicron tansyon, ki ogmante transmisyon li transmisyon pouvwa. In adition aktivman devlope espesifik dwòg ak vaksen prevansyon ak tretman aktivman devlope tradisyonèl Chinwa medikaman tretman kondwi kondwi tretman tretman rekiperasyon pasyan yo.

Benefis of cistanche tubulosa

COVID-19 infection belongs to the category of "epidemic" and "plague" in traditional Chinese medicine. The "severe epidemic" qi attacks the body externally, causing the first attack on the canopy, causing a struggle between good and evil, and the loss of lung function, resulting in symptoms such as cough, fever, wheezing, sore throat, and fatigue. At present, clinical reports on traditional Chinese medicine treatment mostly involve the lungs, spleen, stomach, etc., but there are few reports on the treatment of lung and kidney deficiency syndrome. In the transmission and transformation of traditional Chinese medicine diseases, the lung belongs to the category of gold, which generates water. Lung disease is the mother's disease, and if the mother's disease affects the child, the kidneys are affected. Therefore, syndrome types such as kidney failure to absorb qi, insufficient kidney qi, and kidney failure to store essence can also occur. This study explored the therapeutic mechanism of Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis in patients with lung and kidney deficiency caused by COVID-19 infection through network pharmacology. Chuankezhi Injection is developed from two traditional Chinese medicines, Morinda officinalis, and Cistanche deserticola. It is mainly based on the kidney tonifying method to treat asthma, cough, and other symptoms in patients with lung and kidney deficiency.

Rezo pharmacology se yon rechèch disiplin ki baze sou teyori bioloji, ki ka analyze biolojik enfòmasyon enfòmasyon ak maladi rezo. By chwazi enpòtan siyal nodes konsepsyon ak analyze drug molecules nan target point point, Lè sa a, etabli a rezo modèl, visualization visualization, ak sistematik klarifye famasi efè ak mekanism dwòg [2], ki kondwi esè klinik nouvo dwòg oswa tradisyonèl Chinwa medikaman konpoze ak diminye dwòg reyaksyon reyaksyon toksik reyaksyon.

Dapre main components Chuankezhi piki 2c etid sa a fòmile Chinwa èrbal compound dekorasyon Cistanche deserticola ak Morinda officinalis, detekte main aktif aktif ak pharmacological t Cistanche Cistanche deserticola ak Morinda officinalis ak rezo pharmacology metòd, ak Lè sa a, konstwi dwòg konpoze sib rezo rezo cluster analiz, itilize lojisyèl analyze done siyal pathways, Bay plis teyorik referans tretman Cistanche deserticola ak Morinda officinalis in COVID{0{0}} enfeksyon nan poumon renney deficiency kalite.

1. Materials and Methods

1.1 Koleksyon ak tès depistaj nan compounds soti nan Cistanche deserticola ak Morinda Officinalis

Chinwa medsin tankou ginseng, Cistanche deserticola, ak astragalus

Nan baz done ak analiz platfòm of Systems pharmacology nan tradisyonèl Chinwa Medicine (TCMSP, http://tcm Antre nan "Cistanche deserticola" ak "Morinda officinalis" rechèch com/temps. php rechèch compound compound gen tou de. klinik pratike, oral bioavailability (OB) bioactive efikas engredyan [3]. Se poutèt sa, ki baze sou referans 3{2{2}% bioactive bioactive D Greater egal 0.18, TCMSP baz done te ekran ekran konpozan satisfè estanda yo estanda genyen nan tou de aktif engredyan.

1.2 Screening of target proteins and construction of drug compound target network

Rechèch korespondan sib protein TCMSP Uniprot Uniprot (www.uniprot. org/) tcheke sib sib proteins kont names, ak elimine noncorres gene names. Establish a dwòg compound sib rezo using scape 3.7.2 lojisyèl, ak fè sib ak estriktirèl analiz sou li.  

1.3 Prediksyon potansyèl objektif Cistanche deserticola ak Morinda officinalis tretman COVID{2{2}} enfeksyon poumon ak renney deficiency

In the GeneCards database（ http://www. Enter keywords such as "CoronaVirusDis ease2019" or "NovelCoronaviruspneumonia" in the search box of gene cards. org/to search for genes related to SARS-CoV-2. And match the drug target with the disease target to obtain the potential target of Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis for the treatment of COVID-19 infection of lung kidney deficiency type. Using Omicroshare's cloud platform to draw Vene diagrams, cross map drug, and disease targets to obtain cross targets.

1.4 Konstriksyon ak Analiz nan Protein Entèraksyon (PPI) Rezo

Enpòte Epimedium officinalis nan STRING baz done potansyèl vize COVID-19 enfeksyon nan poumon kidney deficiency type（ https://string-db.org/ ）Enter a lis potansyèl vize "MultipleProteins" koòdone ak mete espès klasifikasyon "HomoSa 22 display entèraksyon an proteins. Store in tsv fòma, chaj file in Cytoscape 3.7. 2 lojisyèl %"Networkana analyzer" analyze topology atribi jwenn nwayo sib nan rezo a .

1.5 Pathway Analysis of targets

Import sib genes into Funrich 3.1.3 for gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. Sort biolojik pwosesis (BP), selil compoents (CC), ak selil fonksyon (MF) dapre sib jwenn bar bar Import sib protein string baz done Kyoto Ansiklopedi of Genes Geneoms (KEGG) pathway analiz 2c ak Omicroshare�% bc� http://omicshare.com/ ）Draw bubble KEGG pathway reyalize data visualization.  

2 Results

2.1 Screening of active compounds from Cistanche deserticola and Morinda Officinalis

A total of 43 active compounds were screened from the TCMSP database, including 23 from Cistanche deserticola and 20 from Morinda officinalis. See Table 1.

Table 1 Basic information on some active compounds in Cistanche deserticola and Morinda Officinalis

2.2 Construction and Analysis of Drug Compound Target Network

Build a drug-active compound target interaction network using Cytoscape software (Figure 1). Selecting nodes with higher level and centrality values is a key compound or target. The top 5 active compounds ranked in sequence are MOL000098 (quercetin), MOL000422 (kaempferol), MOL00000 6 (luteolin), and MOL00358（ Sitosterol and MOL004373 (dehydrated Cistanche flavin) can interact with 77, 34, 28, 16, and 16 target proteins, respectively.

Figi 1 Drug Compound Target Network Diagram

2.3 Predict the potential target of Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis for the treatment of both lung and kidney deficiency types of COVID-19 infection

A total nan 2831 patojèn sib COVID-19 enfeksyon te jwenn sou GeneCards. 41 cross sibstans, i.e. Cistanche desertico ak Morinda officinalis officinalis, yo te jwenn trete COVID{3{3}} infection poumon renney deficiency, kòm montre nan Figure 2.

Figure 2 Vene diagram of potential targets of Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis for the treatment of COVID-19 infection with lung and kidney deficiency

2.4 PPI Rezo Konstriksyon ak Analiz

The PPI network of Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis is shown in Figure 3. The 41 potential target genes of Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis for the treatment of both lung and kidney deficiency types of COVID-19 infection are input into STRING to obtain the PPI network, which contains 367 edges, and the average node degree is 17.9, as shown in Figure 4. From the above chart, it can be seen that among different protein associations, interleukin-6 (IL-6), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), caspase-3 (CASP3), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1 ), Cyclin D1 (CCND1) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (EG FR) were ranked in the top six respectively, which proved that these target proteins were of great significance in the treatment of COVID-19 infection with lung and kidney deficiency.

Figi 3 PPI rezo diagram of Cistanche deserticola ak Morinda officinalis

2.5 Sib Enrichment Analiz ak KEGG Pathway Analiz

The 41 potential targets of Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis on COVID-19 infection were input into Funrich 3.1.3 software, and 802 GO enrichment entries were obtained. It includes 720 biological processes, 29 cell components, and 53 cell functions. Use Funrich 3.1.3 software tool to draw a bar chart (Figure 5) for the top 10 rich gene entries. Biological processes are mainly reflected in signal transmission, metabolism, intercellular communication, energy pathways, protein metabolism, etc; The cellular components are mainly concentrated in the cytoplasm, nucleus, extracellular matrix, and nuclear plasma; The cellular function is mainly enriched in transcription factor activity, serine/threonine protein kinase activity, transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity, oxidoreductase activity, etc. A total of 125 KEGG pathways were obtained through analysis, mainly involving phosphoinositide-3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K Akt) signaling pathway, lipid nuclear atherosclerosis, Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus infection, tumor-related mRNA, human cytomegalovirus infection, Epstein Barr virus infection, etc. Screen the top 20 enriched gene pathways and draw bubble plots (Figure 6). The Y-axis represents the selected signal pathway, the X-axis represents the proportion of each pathway, and the bubble area represents the number of enriched genes in the pathway. Key pathways are selected to construct a target pathway network diagram (Figure 7).

Figi 4 Key sib protein information of Cistanche deserticola Morinda officinalis tretman lung ak rendey deficiency type COVID-19 enfeksyon

Fig. 5 fonksyonèl analiz Diagram GO Molecule

Figi 6 Bubble Diagram KEGG Pathway Enrichment Inrichment in Cistanche deserticola Morinda officinalis Tretman COVID{1{1} Enfeksyon Deficiency Both Lung Ak Kidney

Figure 7 Target Path Network Diagram

3 Diskisyon

COVID{0{0}} enfeksyon se yon egi respiratory enfektye maladi ki te koze pa SARS-CoV-2 enfeksyon. The incubation peryòd apre enfektye anjeneral 1 14 jou. The Maladi trè enfektye nan etap la transmèt goutlèts, fèmen kontak, aerosols, elatriye. common klinik manifestasyon COVID{5{5}} enfeksyon gen ladan lafyèv, touse, fatig, stuffy nen, malgroat, runny nen 2c Myalgia, dyare, pèt nan gou oswa sant, elatriye.

On January 31, 2020, the World Health Organization released a report on COVID-19 infection. The COVID-19 infection epidemic is a major public health event worldwide. According to relevant data from the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, as of January 2022, China has reported more than 130000 cumulative cases of infection. The nationwide epidemic has been controlled, but with the spread of mutated strains such as Delta and Omicron, sporadic cases are still reported in some regions. At present, SARS-CoV-2 variants have been detected in multiple countries around the world, such as Delta, Alpha, Eta, Lota, Beta, etc. [5], while the Omicron variant B.1.1.529 was first discovered in South Africa on November 24, 2021, and has spread globally [6].

In the treatment of COVID-19 infection, Western medicine is mostly symptomatic and supportive. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that this disease belongs to the categories of "dampness toxin epidemic" [7] and "cold dampness epidemic" [8], and can be combined with relevant auxiliary treatment of traditional Chinese medicine, which is beneficial for improving symptoms and shortening treatment time. COVID-19 infection is a systemic and systemic disease. The disease can involve multiple systems and organs outside the lung. The external evil invades, first attacking the canopy. When the evil is toxic, the mother's disease and the child, can eliminate and burn the lower energizer yin fluid, or burn the kidney vein. The kidney loses its ability to absorb gas and store essence. The body is slightly discharged, and hematuria, proteinuria, etc. can be seen [9]. Lung loss and descent, mother disease and offspring, leading to kidney failure to absorb qi, insufficient kidney qi, cough, asthma, and other symptoms, can be accompanied by fatigue and fatigue, weak waist and knees, cold limbs, clear and long urination, pale red tongue, white fur, and thin pulse. Therefore, patients with lung and kidney deficiency can be given tonifying the innate essence of warming yang and tonifying the kidney, absorbing qi to relieve asthma and cough, and taking care of the vital energy, which is beneficial for their recovery. Acupoint injection of Chuankezhi Injection can treat lung and kidney deficiency-type pulmonary diseases, such as bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchitis, etc. Its main components are Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis.

Cistanche deserticola belongs to the liver and kidney meridians, with a pungent, sweet, and warm taste. It can tonify the kidney, assist yang, dispel wind and dampness, and strengthen muscles and bones. It contains cistanche glycoside, cistanche sub glycoside I/II, and baohuoside I/II, all of which have androgen-like and phytoestrogen-like activities, which can improve the sexual function of experimental animals, promote the immune function of peripheral T cells, and enhance the activity of serum superoxide dismutase. It still has effects such as anti-osteoporosis, anti-radiation, anti-tumor, and anti-pulmonary fibrosis [11-12]. Cistanche glycosides can regulate the balance of T lymphocytes, enhance the activity of killing cells in the body, and thereby enhance the body's immunity [13]. Ba Ji Tian belongs to the two meridians of the kidney and liver, with a sweet and spicy taste and a mild temperature. It can also tonify kidney yang, dispel wind and dampness, and strengthen muscles and bones. Its monosaccharides, polysaccharides, resins, etc. can resist stress, and Morinda officinalis polysaccharides can act on immune organs and immune-related cells, effectively improving the immune function of T cells [14]. Morinda officinalis can significantly increase IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor- (TNF- ) And The expression level of interferon has a good therapeutic effect on immunosuppressive mice induced by cyclophosphamide [15]. The above studies have clarified the role of Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis in regulating immunity, anti-stress, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-pulmonary fibrosis, and other aspects, and can enhance the humoral immunity and cellular immunity of the body, thus providing the sufficient relevant pharmacological basis for Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis to treat COVID-19 infection with lung and kidney deficiency.

Chinwa herb cistanche

In this study, the network pharmacology analysis method was used to analyze the active components of 43 kinds of Herba Cistanche Morinda officinalis, and 41 effective targets of Herba Cistanche Morinda officinalis for the type of both lung and kidney deficiency of COVID-19 infection were obtained, indicating that Herba Epimedii Morinda officinalis could treat the type of both lung and kidney deficiency of COVID-19 infection through multiple targets and components. Detect key active compounds through cross-network analysis of "drug compound target", and display quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin Sitosterol is located in the forefront. Quercetin is mainly present in vegetables, fruits, green tea, etc. [16], and has functions such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, expectorant and cough relieving, immune regulation, antioxidant, anti-tumor, etc. [17]. It can inhibit TNF- , IL-6 and other pro-inflammatory cytokines produced to treat pneumonia caused by lipopolysaccharide [18]. Shannai phenol can resist viruses, resist oxidation, anti-inflammatory effects, and enhance immunity [19]. In addition, Shannai phenol can also regulate miR21/PTEN-related signaling pathways, leading to inhibition of proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells, thereby achieving anti-tumor effects [20]. Studies have shown that luteolin can also inhibit the activity, clone formation, and further migration of A549 cells, and can be downregulated when combined with inositol, thereby enhancing its inhibitory effect [21]. Table of p-PDK1 and p-Akt - Glutinosterol has various biological activities, such as inhibiting inflammation, inhibiting bacteria, antioxidant, lowering cholesterol, hormone-like, etc. [22]. - Sitosterol can downregulate nuclear factors- κ The activation of the B signaling pathway protects against endotoxin-induced lung injury in mice [23]. The active compounds screened in this study involve antiviral, anti-inflammatory, lung injury, anti-tumor, and other directions, and can cover viral pneumonia. By analyzing the 40 target proteins in the PPI network of Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis for the treatment of COVID-19 infection of lung kidney deficiency type, the network topology analysis results showed that IL-6, VEGFA, CASP3, HIF1 , CCND1 and EGFR are the core targets of Herba Epimedii and Morinda officinalis for the treatment of both lung and kidney deficiency type of COVID-19 infection.

IL-6 is an important inflammatory cytokine that causes the "cytokine storm" in patients with COVID-19 infection [24], leading to the occurrence and progress of COVID-19 infection, and its expression level is positively correlated with the severity of the disease [25]. IL-6 has multiple biological activities and is an inflammatory cytokine mainly related to cellular inflammatory reactions. The increase in IL-6 may have adverse effects on body function. Some studies have shown that IL-6 receptor blockers can be used to treat COVID-19 infection [26], so it is particularly important to treat the cytokine storm after COVID-19 infection [27]. The affinity between quercetin and IL-6, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and SARS CoV-2 is close to the recommended drug, acting on IL-6 to regulate multiple signal pathways, which proves that quercetin has a certain effect on COVID-19 infection. VEGFA is a factor that promotes the growth of vascular endothelial cells. It can specifically act on endothelial cells, participate in increasing capillary permeability, and then induce angiogenesis. It can also promote cell migration and inhibit apoptosis. Due to the secretion of cytokines in the body, the vascular permeability of the focus increases in patients with COVID-19 infection, resulting in multiple organ system damage, high fever, pneumonia, and respiratory failure [28]. Therefore, regulating the VEGFA channel can alleviate symptoms in patients with viral pneumonia. CASP3 is a protease closely related to cell death, which can accelerate the apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma cells and reduce their proliferation, growth, migration, and invasion abilities [29]. CASP3 is associated with cytotoxic T lymphocyte granzyme B mediated killing target cells and is a key effector enzyme in necrosis and apoptosis signal transduction [30]. HIF1 Its activity is related to angiogenesis, as well as inflammatory reactions, tumor growth, and hypoxia adaptation. Studies have shown that serum HIF1 High levels of expression are associated with worsening lung function damage in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [31]. When CC ND1 expression is abnormal, cell cycle disorder occurs, leading to unlimited cell proliferation and the formation of tumors. Studies have shown that multiple signaling pathways can inhibit tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by inhibiting the expression of CCND1. The EGFR signaling pathway can affect the production of airway mucus, and when its opening increases, it can lead to an increase in mucin secretion in the airway. Research has shown that inhibiting the EGFR pathway can downregulate the expression of mucin 5AC, thereby intervening in the high secretion of airway mucus and effectively treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [33]. The above is the main core target of Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis for the treatment of COVID-19 infection with lung and kidney deficiency, mainly involving inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory response, airway secretion, vascular endothelial generation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis.

Efè of Cistanche-Amelyore iminite

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The biological process of GO enrichment, a target of Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis in the treatment of COVID-19 infection with lung and kidney deficiency, mainly includes signal transduction, intercellular communication, metabolism, energy path, protein metabolism, transcription factor activity, protein serine/threonine kinase activity, oxidoreductase activity, transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity, cytoplasm, nucleus, nucleoplasm, etc. The above biological processes play an important role in Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis in the treatment of both lung and kidney deficiency types of COVID-19 infection. The enrichment analysis of the KEGG pathway obtained 125 pathways, mainly including PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus infection, lipid nuclear atherosclerosis, human cytomegalovirus infection, Epstein Barr virus infection, tumor-associated mRNA, etc. In this study, the biological process of GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis focused on virus infection, cell metabolism, enzyme activity, and other aspects, of which the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is an important target pathway of COVID-19 infection with lung and kidney deficiency.

Studies have shown that PI3K/Akt is an important target pathway for viruses, closely related to processes such as cell growth, transcription and translation, and apoptosis, and involved in the regulation of various viruses, such as influenza virus, Coxsackie virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and rotavirus [34-37]. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is mainly distributed in various organs and tissues of the human body, and its main functions are to control inflammation, inhibit cell apoptosis, promote cell proliferation, and control metabolism. It plays an important role in respiratory and pulmonary inflammation [38]. Animal experiments have shown that PI3K inhibitors can inhibit the production of nitric oxide and inflammatory response in the lung tissue of mice with viral pneumonia caused by influenza A virus infection [39]. In addition, some studies have proved that PI3K/Akt inhibitors may be potential targets for the treatment of COVID-19 infection [40]. Therefore, inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway can reduce lung injury after SARS CoV-2 infection and can be used to treat COVID-19 infection.

In summary, the compounds contained in Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis include quercetin, kaempferol, and luteolin Sitosterol plays a key role in the treatment of COVID-19 infection of lung kidney deficiency type. A total of 65 potential targets were retrieved from Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis, of which 41 were cross targets for the treatment of both lung and kidney deficiency types of COVID-19 infection, that is, about 63 percent of the targets were related to the treatment of both lung and kidney deficiency type of COVID-19 infection. The core targets for the treatment of COVID-19 infection of lung kidney deficiency type are IL-6, VEGFA, CASP3, HIF1 , CC ND1, and EGFR is mainly related to inflammatory response, cytokines, airway hypersecretion, vascular endothelial growth, and cell proliferation and apoptosis. The GO enrichment biological process and KEGG pathway analysis are mainly reflected in the related virus infection, cell metabolism, enzyme activity, etc. Among them, the PI3K/Akt signal pathway is an important target pathway of the lung kidney deficiency type of COVID-19 infection, which can provide a more pharmacological basis for the treatment of the lung kidney deficiency type of COVID-19 infection.

This study used network pharmacology to explain the research results of Cistanche deserticola and Morinda officinalis in the treatment of COVID-19 infection of lung kidney deficiency type is a multi-target, multi-path PPI, which provides a certain pharmacological theoretical basis for expanding the clinical application of Chuankezhi injection. However, there are still certain shortcomings in this study. The administration of traditional Chinese medicine compound decoction needs to be tailored to individual needs and treated based on the differentiation of symptoms and signs. There may also be interactions between drugs in traditional Chinese medicine compound prescriptions. However, the current data in the database is not comprehensive, ignoring the interactions between drugs and components, as well as the influencing factors of the dosage of traditional Chinese medicine components. Therefore, further in-depth research and clinical trials are needed to prove its specific mechanism.